이메일 작성시 주요 표현

■ 첨부파일 확인 바랍니다.

-The file (you requested) is attached

-Please find the attached file (we talked about yesterday)

-I have attached the images / document / files (below).

-Please see / check the attached file (document).

-Please find the attached document we talked about yesterday.

-I am attaching the requested file.

■ 자료를 요청드립니다.

-It would be greatly appreciated if you could ~

-It would be helpful if you could send us samples which show

    your range of suitable coverings

-We would appreciate it if you could provide us with the draft file

■ 회신을 기다리겠습니다.

-I look forward to hearing from you soon

-I look forward to receiving your reply.

-I’m looking forward to your reply.

■ 불만제기하기

-I am afraid we have a small problem

-I’m writing to complain about the quality of your product

-My concern is that the timeline is too tight.

-I don’t think it is a good idea to change the schedule.

■ 질문사항 / 궁금점이 있으면 알려주세요

-  If you have any questions, (please) let me know.

-  Please don’t hesitate to contact me if you have any questions

-  If you have any questions, ( please ) feel free to e-mail me.

■ 사과하기

-I apologize for the inconvenience we have caused you.

-We understand how frastrating  it can be.

-I am sorry if I offended you. Please accetpt my apologies.


■ 문제제기에 대한 적절한 대답 (해결중이다)

-We are looking into the problem (사소한 문제)

-   We are investigating~(조사 범위가 클때)

■ 정중하게 거절하기

-We regret to inform you that your proposal does not meet

    our requirements.

-  We are afraid that hiring you at this time is not possible.

-  Unfortunately, your proposal is not acceptable for the

    project this time.

 - I’m sorry, but I can’t release that information.

■ 해명하기 (어쩔 수가 없었어요)

 - We have been forced to ~

 - Due to unexpected circumstances,~

 - In spite of our best efforts, ~

 - We will have no choice but to ~

 - It’s company policy ~

■ 설득하기, 반박하기

-I think  / I don’t think…

-I suggest you not to ~

-I didn’t mean to offend you.

-It’s a bit too much. (과하시네요)

OPIC 20. 나의 신분증 발급 에피소드 와 사용처 설명

I was a high school student when I got my first ID card.

It was a national ID card which proves that you are now a grownup.

The national ID card means that you can watch any kind of movie at the theater, including movies that require you to be at least 18 years of age.

But it takes a couple more years to be able to drink alcohol or to go clubbing.

It also takes another year to vote.

When I got mt first ID card, I just felt weird.

I didnt feel like  I was grownup yet.

In constrast, I remember some of my friends were very excited and threw parties to celebrate.

These days, I always carry at least one form of ID.

I usually carry my driver's license as I often drive my car. Personally, I like the moment when I take out my passport at the airport.

I feel like I am an important person whenever I get on an airplane.

OPIC 19. 나의 건강 관리법 소개

I am not really an active person, so I dont enjoy sports that much.

But I take a walk for 30 minutes every day.

I believe that is a good way to maintain my health.

I also try to drink less coffee and drink fresh juice instead.

I am quite strict with my weight. I don't snack very much or eat fast food.

I prefer to have homemade meals with lots of vegetables.

I love to cook, and I create my own recipes to make the dishes healthier.

To improve my emotional health, I like to catch up with my close friends to share my thoughts and feelings, especially during tough times.

I always try to let go of my sorrows and to hope for a better future.

This way, I am able to manage my life so that it feels brighter and more fun.

Listening to a good piece of music or watching a nice movie is also a great way to lift up my heart.

OPIC 18. 내주변 가장 건강한 사람 소개 와 이유 설명

The healthiest person around me is probably my mother.

She is in her late 50s, but she is still very athletic and in perfect shape.

I admire her since I know how hard it is to maintain your figure.

I am in my late 20s and go to the gym on a regular basis, but I dont think I can beat my mom when it comes to exercising.

She hikes 1 to 2 times a week and goes swimming whenever she has free time.

She also avoids eating junk food and sweets.

In addition, she is pretty strict when she cooks.

She cuts off most of the fat from meat and always adds a lot of vegetables to her meals.

Thanks to her efforts, none of my family members is overweight.

Plus, we all enjoy sports and sleep enough to reduce our stress.

OPIC 17. 해외 여행을 좋아하는 이유 고려할 점 설명

I think people travel overseas because they want to experience different lifestyles and cultures.

In my case, I love to travel to other countries because I can meet new people and broaden my horizons.

Whenever I meet nice people while I travel, I exchange email adress and keep in touch with them.

Also, I love to taste local food and enjoy the exotic view of other cities.

I prefer to visit countries that use English since I can the communicate with people.

Some of the coutries I've visited are the US, the UK, and Canada.

When I visit other countires, I also consider the weather and safety.

I guess these are some of the things people consider when they travel abroad.

OPIC 16. 국내 출장 이야기 및 어려움 설명하기

I go on domestic business trip every quarter.

My company has branch offices in 16 other cities, and the regular conference is held in different regions each quarter.

I always attend the conference on behalf of my team.

I make presentations on the outcome of our marketing strategies and sales record.

Going on a business trip requires a lot of work in addition to my office work, so it's tiring.

I often stay at the office all night to finish my work when I have an upcoming business trip.

However, attending the conference is a great way to develop my business skills. I learn a lot about the market and come up with fresh ideas.

Whenever the trip is over, I always realize that there's no gain without pain.

OPIC 15. 조깅할때 부상 방지 하는 방법 설명하기

I think the most important thing you should keep in mind is to choose the right shoes.

If you dont wear the right shoes, you are more prone to injuries like sprained ankles.

You will also have sore feet.

In addition, it's always important to do enough warm up exercises before jogging.

Otherwise, you will feel muscle pain all over your body. I always stretch for about 10 to 15 minutes before I jog.

This way, you can relax your muscles and prepare your body to jog.

I also take a bottle of water when I jog.

It is important to drink enough water while you exercise.

This is especially important on sunny days since you might sweat a lot, so it's good to bring something to drink.

Finally, if you are sensitive to sunlight, I recommend that you apply enough sunscreen products on your face and wear either sun glasses or a cap.

That way, you will be able to avoid getting a sunburn and developing freckles.

OPIC 14. 좋아하는 배우를 만났을때 어떨지 설명하기

It would be amazing to meet my favorite movie star in person.

If I had to choose, I would definitely say Brad Pitt.

I am sure you know who he is.

He is a famous Hollywood star and is married to another hot celebrity, Andelina Jolie.

They are an awesome couple. If I got to meet Brad Pitt, I would ask how he is able to manage both his career and his family successfully.

I mean, he has had such a long career, and he still has a very nice image.

Not many movie stars are able to maitain their fame for so long.

Also, he has a bunch of kids-both adopted and biological-with Angelina Jolie.

Being a good father must be very challenging as well as being a good actor.

I'd want to know if he has his own philosophy on how to be a good father.

Plus, I'm very curious to know if he wants to be in any Korean movies in the future.

I wonder if he knows any Korean actress.

Well, I guess these are a few things I would ask if I got to meet Brad Pitt.

OPIC 13. 주택시장 문제점 이야기하기

Well, if I were to name a problem in korea's housing market, it would be the population problem.

People in this country are aging.

There are fewer people getting married these days, and many couples dont want to have babies.

As a result, there are many new apartment buildings despite the fact that the population is not growing.

Although the price of housing is descreasing sharply, people my age till have a hard time finding places to live.

Most of my recently married friends have that problem.

They cant buy a house, or the monthly rent is so high that they cant save enough money.

Overall, I think Korea's problem of an aging society is tsrongly related to its housing problem.

OPIC 12. 도구 기술이 음악에 미치는 영향 비교

There have been a lot of changes in the ways we use gadgets to listen to music.

I remember that the DC player was a very popular device to listen to music in the 90s.
Also, a small cassette player called the Walkman was loved by people of all ages.

These days, gadgets have become much smaller and much more fuctional.
Many people carry their smartphones to listen to music.
Most of the smartphones are only the size of your palm, so they are very light.
With a smartphone, you can also access the Internet, watch movies, chat for free on kakaotalk, and do much more.
Advanced technology has even simplified the composing process.
A close friend of mine is a composer, and he uses his iPad to make music.
He says that it has become a lot easier to write music because the device has all kinds of different unstrumental sounds.

Overall, I think current technology has brought many changes in the way people play and listen to music.

OPIC 11. 한국 은행 과거 현재 비교

I can not really remember the banks I visited during my childhood.
I dont think I went to a bank until became high school student.
Of course, I realize that there must be some changes that have occurred at banks since then.

One of the changes is the hours of service.
Korean banks used to be open from 9 am to 4:30 pm.
However, these days, they are open until 4 pm.

Advanced technology has also brought many changes to the bank system.
In the past, there weren't any Internet banking or mobile banking survices, but these days, all Korean banks use both systems.

In addition, work that used to be performed by bank tellers is now done by machines.
It has become more convenient to pay bills and to check one's account.

These are some of the changes that have occurred at Korean banks.

OPIC 10. 한국 대중 교통 장단점 비교

The main means of public transportation in Korea are buses, subways, and taxis.
I often take buses and subways.
They are both very economical and convenient, but each has its own advantages and disadvantages.

I prefer to take buses when the weather is nice.
I love to enjoy the view outside and to listen to music.
However, on rainy days or during rush hour, the traffic is really bad, and there is no way to arrive at my destination on time.
So, when I commute to work, I usually take the subway since it is always on time.
If there's one thing I dislike about the subway, there are always some people selling products and making noise.
Other than that, I am happy with the Korean subway system.

When I am on the subway, I always use my smartphone to read online article or to watch the news.
Sometimes I take a nap when I feel really tired.

OPIC 09. 여행 패턴 비교 과거 현재

I like to travel, but it is hard to talk about how the way I taravel has changed.

When I was young, I simply followed my parents.
Thet took care of all the procedures, so all I had to do was pack my bag.
These days, I travel alone, so I make sure I have my ID card and also see if I have enough cash and my credit cards.
I also plan my travel itinerary and pack my bag.

On the other hand, I think the biggest change in how I tavel these days is probably the e-ticketing system.

Thanks to advanced technology, the ticketing process has become very simple.
It's way easier to travel by myself.

OPIC 08. Compare Walking Benefit

There are many benefits to jogging.

First of all, it doesn't cost much.
As long as you have a pair of sneakers, you are free to jog.
In addition, it's not limited to certain places or time.
You are able to jog in any public area anytime.
Well, of course for females, it would be safe to run with someone when it gets dark.

Another reason I like jogging is that I can enjoy the fresh air and beautiful scenery when I jog at the park.
I used to work out at a gym when I was youger, but, since I now jog at the park, I can't imagine myself running on a treadmill again.

I highly recommend jogging to those who want to be healthy and to stay fit.
I guess these are some of the benefits of jogging.

OPIC 07. Compare Personal training and Team training

I definitely prefer the team training program because it gives me an opportunity to interact with my co-works.
We can exchange different ideas and expand out knowledge through brainstorming.
Most of all, I love to communicate with people.
It's just more dynamic and fun.

In the leadership class that's held every Thursday, we learn how to make our presentations more appealing and engaging.
There are always special lecturers from various fields, and the class becomes a window to the world.
We also learn how to be more persuasive in our negotiations.

My favorite part of the program is the class on maintaining your appearance.
It may sound like this has nothing to do with leadership, but they teach you how to work on your own image to gain more credibility.
I have learned a lot from the class.
It's cool to see the make-overs of my co-workers as well.

Overall, I think team training program has a lot more benefits than the individual training program.

OPIC 06. Situation Solving @ Can't Promise

Hi, Jay.
This is Joonsik.
I'm leaving a message since you are not picking up the phone.

I know we are supposed to sign up for the slim fitness center tonight.
I'm really sorry, Jay, but can I take a rain check?
I have a friend visiting Seoul this week, and she's arriving this evening.
She needs someone to pick her up at the airport and guide her to the hotel.
She's here to sightsee and knows no one else but me.
I thought her arrival time was late at night, but I just found out it is actually 6 pm.
I am sorry again.

I will be free on Thursday anytime after work, so please let me know if you are available.
Talk to you soon. Bye.

OPIC 05. Problem soving @ Party Food

Hello, Jina?
Hi, How are you? Cool.
Are there a lot of people coming tonight?
There are already 15 people at your place?

Jina, I am terribly sorry to tell you this, but I was just in a minor car accident.
I was on my way to your place with the desserts, but I bumped into the car in front of me.
Nope. Nobody is hurt.
But the food is ruined. The desserts dont look good.
I should get some new ones.

So people are having the appetizers now?
Well, that's a relief.
I'll go to a nearby bakery and get the best desserts it has.
But I'm going to be a little late because the traffic is pretty bad right now.
Ask your guests to be patient because the desserts are coming.

Okay. I'll get your place as soon as possible.
See you. Bye.

OPIC 04. 댄스 수업 수강 관련 문제

Suppose you registered for a dance class and went to the studio but encountered a problem. Your name is not on the list. What do you do? Ask the secretary for help and also see if there are any alternative choices.

Hi. Are you the secretary of this dance school? Okay.
Hi Mijoo. My name is Jiyoung and I want to take the jazz dance class.

I talked to one of your staff members the other day and asked the person to put my name on the list for the open class.
I just came to join the class, but I can't find my name on the list!
I'm not sure what happened.
Would you please check what went wrong?
Can I still take the open class? Yes, I brought my ID card.
Here you go.
Well, thank you for your help.
I guess the other staff member made a mistake.

Oh, so he misspelled my name.
Jaehyung? No, no.
My name is J I Y O U N G.
Not Jaehyung.
It's all right. Thank you for your help. Bye.

OPIC 03. 노래교실 등록 관련 문제

A problem occurred. You have a problem and have to miss the next two classes. Call the instructor and give 3~4 alternatives concerning missing the classes.

Hello. Is this Yuri?
Hi. This is Sujin. I signed up for your vocal training class this Monday.

I'm terribly sorry, Yuri, But I had some issues come up at the last minute.
I have to go out of town for an urgent business trip next week.
My boss just called me this morning to make the arrangements.
I'll be out of town the entire week next week, so I will miss the next two classes.

I wonder if i might make up the classes I miss another time? That's great.
I didn't know you had such a system in place.
When is the makeup class scheduled?
You have it every Saturday? Sure, I can be there.

Also, is it possible for my freind to delay the start of her class, too?
She's very shy and doesn't want to attend class without me.
Thank you. That's so nice of you.

Thank you again. I'll get back to you when I return from my trip. Bye.

OPIC 02. 수리업체와 문제 해결

A problem occurred. The window repairman cannot come over to your place until next week. Call the repair shop and tell the staff member why he or she has to fix your window as soon as possible.

Hello? This is the ABC Repair Shop, right?
Hi, this is jiyoung in Suwon

I just got a text message from one of your staff members. He said that he cannot come to fix my window until next week.

What seems to be the problem?
Is it possible for you to send someone else then?
I believe that I informed you that my window was completely shattered this morning. Every part of the glass is gone!

I need it to be fixed by tonight before I can go to bed.
Please try to understand. I live in a tiny little house.

I have nowhere else to go. Please.
Can you just carry the window by yourself and come? What if I pay you 50,000 won instead of 30,000 won?
Sound good? It’s deal then.

I’ll see you in an hour. Thank you. Bye.

OPIC 01. 콘서트 관련 문제

Suppose that you planned to go to a concert with your friend, but you get sick, so you are not able
to go. What would you do? Call your friend and give 3 to 4 suggestions.

Hello, Hejin. This is Junho.
I know we are supposed to go to Yiruma’s concert this Friday evening.
You know how excited I am to go to the concert.

But I don’t think I’ll be able to make it.
I don’t feel well.
In fact, I feel really sick. I have a stormachache, headache, runny nose, and even a sore throat.
I don’t know what’s going on with me.
I think I’d better just get a lot of rest for the next couple of days.

So, if it’s okay with you, can you just attend the concert by yourself? Or maybe you can invite someone else to go with you.
If you can’t find anyone, can you please get a refund for my ticket?
Oh, you’d rather cancel the reservation? Okay then.

I’m really sorry about this, Hejin.

I promise to buy you a nice meal when I get better. Sure.
Thanks for understanding.
Take care and talk you soon. Bye.

건설안전기술사 111회 필기문제

건설안전기술사 111회 필기시험 2017년 1월 22일

<1교시>
1. 산업안전보건법상 공사기간 연장요청
2. 건설기술진흥법상 건설기준 통합코드
3. 최적 함수비(Optimum Moisture Content)
4. 철골의 CO­₂아크(Arc)용접
5. 건설기계 관리시스템
6. 보안경의 종류와 안전기준
7. 위험성평가 5원칙
8. 고장력 볼트(High Tension Bolt)
9. 응급처치(First Aid)
10. 국내 · 외 안전보건교육의 트렌드
11. 개인적 결함(불안전 요소)
12. 가설재의 구비요건(3요소)
13. 교량의 지진격리설계

<2교시>
1. 하인리히의 사고발생 연쇄성이론과 관리감독자의 역할을 설명하시오.
2. 재해통계의 종류, 목적, 법적근거, 작성 시 유의사항을 설명하시오.
3. 불량 레미콘의 발생유형 및 처리방안에 대하여 설명하시오.
4. 잔골재의 입도, 유해물 함유량, 내구성에 대하여 설명하시오.
5. 초고층 건축물의 특징, 재해발생 요인 및 특성, 공정단계별 안전관리사항에 대하여 설명하시오.
6. 도심지 터널공사 시 발파로 인해 발생되는 진동 및 소음기준과 발파소음의 저감대책에 대하여 설명하시오.

<3교시>
1. 시설물의 안전관리에 관한 특별법상 1종 시설물과 2종 시설물을 설명하시오.
2. 휴대용 연삭기의 종류와 연삭기에 의한 재해원인을 기술하고, 휴대용 연삭기 작업 시 안전대책에 대하여 설명하시오.
3. 건축구조물의 부력발생원인과 부상방지를 위한 공법별 특징과 유의사항 및 중점 안전관리대책에 대하여 설명하시오.
4. 산업안전보건위원회에 대하여 설명하시오.
5. 고소작업대 관련 법령(산업안전보건기준에 관한 규칙) 기준과 재해발생 형태별 예방대책을 설명하시오.
6. 굴착공사 시 적용 가능한 흙막이 공법의 종류와 연약지반 굴착 시 발생할 수 있는 히빙(Heaving)현상과 파이핑(Piping)현상의 안전대책에 대하여 설명하시오.

<4교시>
1. 10층 이상 건축물의 해체 등 건설기술진흥법상 안전관리계획 의무대상 건설공사를 열거하고, 해체공사계획의 주요 내용을 설명하시오.
2. 시공 중인 건설물의 외측면에 설치하는 수직보호망의 재료기준 및 조립기준, 사용 시 안전대책을 설명하시오.
3. 교량공사 중 교대의 측방유동 발생 시 문제점과 발생원인 및 방지대책에 대하여 설명하시오.
4. S.C.W (Soil Cement Wall) 공법에 대하여 설명하시오.
5. 권상용 와이어로프의 운반기계별 안전율 및 단말체결방법에 따른 효율성과 폐기기준에 대하여 설명하시오.
6. 지진을 분류하고 지진발생으로 인한 피해영향과 구조물의 안정성 확보를 위한 방지대책을 설명하시오.

Things Mentally Strong People Do

Things Mentally Strong People Do


1. They move on. They do not waste time feeling sorry for themselves.


2. They embrace change. They welcome challenges.


3. They stay happy. They do not waste energy on things they can not control.


4. They are kind, fair and unafraid to speak up.


5. They are willing to take calculated risks.


6. They celebrate other people's success. They do not resent that success.

Project Introduction sample

 1. 공 사 명        :  Siraf Condensate Refinery Project

 2. 위     치        :  Tonbak / Iran (Assaluyeh로 부터 서쪽으로 50 km)

 3. 발 주 처        :  SIRAF REFINERY INFRASTRUCTURE Co. (SRIC)

 4. FEED            :  EIED + TOYO (’17 3월 말 Common UT/OS 완료 예정)

 5. Licensor       :  1) Axens : MDH, LPT (LPG Treatment)

                      ::  2) Holdor Topsoe : NHT

                      ::  3) KT : SRU

 6. 입찰일정       :  미정

 7. 공     기        :  MC 기준 36개월 (발주처 추정)  

 8. 준 거 법        :  Laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran

 9. 계약규모       :  3,000 Mil USD (추정)

10. 재     원       :  85%(시공자 금융 주선) + 15%(발주처 재원)

11. 계약통화      :  - Iranian Portion : Iranian Rials

                      ::  - Non- Iranian Portion : EURO

12. 계약형태      :  EPC Lump Sum Turn Key 예상

13. 입찰형태      :  대림산업과 협력구도 논의 중

14. Bid Validity   :  180 Days

15. 선수금          : 1) Engineering & Procurement Service

                          - Foreign Currency :  5% (지급 시기 : Letter of Credit 개설 후,

                                                    :  E/P Services & AP Bank Guarantee 지급용)

                          - Iran Rials            :  20% (지급 시기 : AP Bond 제출 후)

                       

                         2) Material Price

                         - Foreign Currency  :  5% (지급 시기 : Letter of Credit 개설 후,

                                                    :  Material & AP Bank Guarantee 지급용)

                         - Iran Rials             :  15% (지급 시기 : AP Bond 제출 후)

                        

                         3) Construction, Pre-com. and Assistance in Commissioning                

                         - Foreign Currency  :  5% (지급 시기 : Effective Date 기준 9             

                                                    :  Months 이후)

                         - Iran Rials             :  20%

                             a) 8% : 발주처가 CONTRACTOR에서 SITE 건네준 이후

                             b) 6.5% : SITE 동원 이후

                             c) 5.5% : 시공 30% Progress 진행 후

16. 유보금          :  1) S.S.O. Retention = 매 기성의 5%

                             (적용 : 이란 자국 외에서의 Engineering, Material Cost 제외)

                             (반제 시기 :  S.S.O Final Clearance Certi. 발급시)

                           2) Retention for Good Performance = 매 기성의 10%

                             (적용 : Material Cost 제외)

                             (반제 시기 : Last Provisional Acceptance Certi. 발급시 50%,

                                                    Last Final Acceptance Certi. 발급시 50%)

17. Bid Bond   :  Bank Guarantee 제출

                           (Iranian, Non-Iranian Portion 분개 제출, Validity : 12 Months)

18. A/P Bond  :  Bank Guarantee 제출 (반제 시기 : 계약고의 95% 지급 시)

19. P Bond     :  Bank Guarantee 제출 (총 계약고의 5%, Validity : Last FAC)                          

                                                              

20. 기성지급  :  Progress에 따른 Monthly Payment

21. L/D              :  1) 30일 미만 = 0.03% of Initial Contract Price / Day

                        :  2) 31일 이상 = 0.05% of Initial Contract Price / Day

                        :  3) 최대 한도 = 5% of Initial Contract Price

22. 이란 Contents :  총 계약고 51% 이상

23. 공사내용        :

   Condensate Refinery and Relative Tankage Area (60,000 BPSD) x 8개 Copy Plant

   = Total 480,000 BPSD